Transparency First
How CardOptimizer Works
CardOptimizer is a rule-based decision engine, not a credit card blog. We apply deterministic bank policies to your profile to predict approval likelihood before you apply.
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Jump to any rule to learn how it works
Issuer Rules (5)
Family Rules (11)
Bonus Rules (2)
Common Rules (1)
What is the Rule Engine?
Credit card approvals aren't just about your credit score. Banks enforce strict eligibility rules that most applicants don't know about until it's too late.
CardOptimizer encodes these rules as logic. When you provide your card history, we run your profile through the same checks banks use internally.
Our philosophy
- βDeterministic logic over heuristic guesses
- βExplanation over black box
- βPreventing denial over maximizing rewards
- βConservative estimates over aggressive claims
All Rules Explained
We've implemented 15 major eligibility rules. Each is explained in detail below.
Issuer Rules
Enforced by specific banks across all their cards
Chase 5/24 Rule
Issuer: Chase
π What it does
Most Chase credit cards are subject to the 5/24 rule. If you have opened 5 or more personal credit cards (from any issuer) in the past 24 months, Chase will generally decline your application. This includes cards from any bank β not just Chase. Cards are counted based on account opening date, not approval date.
π‘ Why it exists
Chase uses the 5/24 rule to limit approvals for applicants who rapidly open multiple cards for signup bonuses. It acts as a velocity control mechanism to reduce bonus abuse and acquisition costs.
β How to satisfy it
You must be under 5/24 at the time of application. Cards fall off your count exactly 24 months after their opening date. Some business cards (especially from Chase and Amex) typically do not add to your 5/24 count, but they may still require you to be under 5/24 for approval. Authorized user accounts usually appear in your 5/24 count, but can sometimes be removed through reconsideration if you are not financially responsible for the account.
π Example



You opened 3 cards in 2024 (January, May, September) and 2 in 2025 (February, March). You are currently at 5/24. Once the January 2024 card reaches 24 months old (January 2026), your count drops to 4/24 and you become eligible for most Chase cards again.
π‘ Key takeaway
5/24 counts new personal credit cards opened in the last 24 months, regardless of issuer. To be approved for most Chase cards, you must be under that limit at the time of application.
Amex Lifetime Bonus Rule
Issuer: American Express
π What it does
Most American Express cards include 'lifetime language' in their terms. If you have previously received the welcome bonus for a specific card product, you are generally not eligible to receive that bonus again. The restriction applies to the exact same card β not automatically to other cards in the same brand or tier.
π‘ Why it exists
American Express uses lifetime language to prevent repeated bonus cycling. Unlike issuers that use time-based rules (e.g., Citi's 48 months, Chase's 48 months for Sapphire), Amex typically limits each card's welcome bonus to one per person per product.
β How to satisfy it
You may still apply and be approved for the card again, but you will not receive the welcome bonus if you previously earned it. To remain eligible, you must apply for a card you have never received a bonus on before. Occasionally, targeted offers without lifetime language (NLL offers) may bypass this restriction.
π Example


π« Same card β bonus blocked
You opened the Amex Gold Card in 2019 and earned the welcome bonus. You close it and reapply in 2025 β you may be approved, but you will not receive another welcome bonus because you already received it once.
β Different card β still eligible
You have the Gold Card bonus. You apply for the Platinum Card β you are eligible for the Platinum welcome bonus because it is a separate product. The lifetime rule only blocks the exact same card.
π‘ Key takeaway
The Amex lifetime rule blocks repeat bonuses on the same card, not across an entire card family. Family-level restrictions (e.g., MR ascending order, Delta tier order) are separate rules.
Amex Card Limit (Credit Card Soft Cap)
Issuer: American Express
π What it does
American Express generally limits how many revolving credit cards you can hold at the same time. Most cardholders are approved for around five Amex credit cards, although the exact number can vary by profile. Charge cards (such as Platinum, Gold, and Green) are evaluated separately and typically do not count toward this credit card limit because they do not have preset spending limits.
π‘ Why it exists
This is an internal risk control policy. Amex manages overall credit exposure by limiting the number of open revolving credit lines rather than strictly limiting the total number of Amex cards.
β How to satisfy it
If you are denied for 'too many credit cards,' you may need to close an existing Amex credit card or move credit limits between accounts. In many cases, charge cards can still be opened because they are evaluated independently.
π Example
π« Credit cards β at capacity (5/5)

Blue Cash Preferred

Blue Cash Everyday

Delta Gold

Hilton Honors

Hilton Surpass
Applying for another credit card (e.g., Marriott Bonvoy Brilliant) may be declined.
β Charge cards β still available

Platinum

Gold

Green
Charge cards are evaluated separately β they often remain available even at credit card capacity.
π‘ Key takeaway
Amex does not strictly cap total cards β it mainly limits revolving credit cards. Charge cards are usually evaluated separately.
Citi Application Velocity
Issuer: Citi
π What it does
Citi is widely observed to limit how frequently you can be approved for new cards. Most applicants are approved for no more than one Citi card within about 8 days, and no more than two Citi cards within about 65 days. These are not officially published rules, but consistent approval patterns seen across many applications.
π‘ Why it exists
Citi uses velocity controls to reduce rapid account openings and manage risk exposure. Rather than a long-term restriction like Chase 5/24, this rule controls short-term application frequency.
β How to satisfy it
After a Citi approval, it is generally safest to wait at least 8 days before applying again. After two approvals, waiting about 65 days from the most recent approval significantly improves approval odds.
π Example

Strata Premier
Mar 1 β

Double Cash
Mar 10 β
π« Next card
~May 14
You are approved for the Citi Strata Premier on March 1st and the Citi Double Cash on March 10th. Even though more than 8 days have passed since the second approval, you will likely need to wait about 65 days from March 10th before applying for another Citi card.
π‘ Key takeaway
Citi does not use a long-term count rule like 5/24. Instead, it mainly restricts how quickly you can open multiple cards in a short period.
Citi 48-Month Bonus Rule
Issuer: Citi
π What it does
Many Citi cards restrict welcome bonus eligibility for 48 months after you last received a bonus on that same card. In most current Citi terms, the 48-month clock is based on when you received the previous signup bonus β not when you opened or closed the account. Some Citi card families, particularly ThankYou points cards, may include cross-card language that limits bonuses across related products.
π‘ Why it exists
Citi uses a long bonus restriction window to discourage repeat bonus cycling. The 48-month timeframe is one of the longest among major issuers.
β How to satisfy it
Check the exact bonus eligibility language in the current offer terms. In most cases, you must wait 48 months from when you received your previous bonus on that card before becoming eligible again. Closing the card does not automatically reset the timer unless explicitly stated in the offer terms.
π Example

Strata Premier
Bonus: Jan 2022
β Eligible again
Jan 2026
You received a Citi Strata Premier bonus in January 2022. You will generally not be eligible for another Strata Premier bonus until January 2026 β 48 months after the bonus was awarded. Whether you kept the card open or closed it does not typically change the countdown.
π‘ Key takeaway
Citi's 48-month rule is usually based on when you last received a bonus, not when you opened or closed the card. Always read the current offer language, as eligibility wording can vary by product.
Card Family Rules
Special restrictions for specific card families
Sapphire 48-Month Rule
Family: Chase Sapphire
π What it does
You cannot receive a Sapphire welcome bonus (Preferred or Reserve) if: (1) you currently hold any Sapphire card, or (2) you have received a new cardmember bonus on any Sapphire card within the past 48 months. Chase treats Sapphire Preferred and Sapphire Reserve as one family for bonus eligibility purposes.
π‘ Why it exists
Chase enforces this rule to prevent repeated cycling between Sapphire Preferred and Sapphire Reserve to earn multiple bonuses. It preserves the long-term value of the Sapphire product line.
β How to satisfy it
To become eligible for a new Sapphire bonus: you must not currently hold any Sapphire card, and you must wait 48 months from when you last received a Sapphire bonus. Product changes (downgrades or upgrades) do not reset the 48-month clock, but you must downgrade out of Sapphire before applying for a new Sapphire card.
π Example

Sapphire Preferred
Bonus: Mar 2022

Freedom Unlimited
Product change

Sapphire Reserve
β Mar 2026
You received a Sapphire Preferred bonus in March 2022. You downgrade it to Freedom Unlimited. Even after downgrading, you are not eligible for a Sapphire Reserve bonus until March 2026 β 48 months after your last Sapphire bonus.
π‘ Key takeaway
The Sapphire family shares one 48-month bonus clock. You cannot hold a Sapphire card and must wait 48 months from your last Sapphire bonus to receive another.
Hilton Family Rule
Family: Amex Hilton
π What it does
Each Amex Hilton card (Honors, Surpass, Aspire, Business) has its own independent per-product lifetime bonus. Hilton cards do NOT block each other across tiers β there is no ascending-order restriction or cross-card blocking. Application order does not determine eligibility. However, standard American Express restrictions still apply: lifetime language on the same product, upgrade history counting as prior ownership, and occasional welcome-offer ineligibility pop-ups.
π‘ Why it exists
Unlike Delta or Membership Rewards families, Amex does not enforce a tier hierarchy on Hilton cards. Each Hilton product is treated as a completely separate product with its own independent bonus eligibility. This makes Hilton one of the most straightforward Amex card families for collecting multiple welcome bonuses.
β How to satisfy it
You can earn a bonus on every Hilton card in any order β Aspire first, then Surpass, then Honors β and earn all bonuses. The only restrictions are: (1) you can only earn each specific card's bonus once (per-product lifetime), (2) upgrading/product-changing to a Hilton card counts as prior ownership (forfeiting its bonus), and (3) Amex may show a pop-up warning that you're ineligible for the welcome offer, which is based on your overall Amex relationship.
π Example



β Any order works
You apply for Aspire in 2022, Surpass in 2023, Honors in 2024, and Business in 2025 β all four bonuses are yours. Order does not matter. Each Hilton card is independent.
β οΈ What is still blocked
Same-card repeat: You got the Hilton Honors bonus in 2020. You reapply in 2025 β approved but no bonus (lifetime language on same product).
Upgrade trap: You upgrade your Honors to Surpass via product change. Amex now counts you as having "had" Surpass β you can never earn the Surpass welcome bonus.
Pop-up: Amex may show a pop-up at application blocking the welcome offer based on your overall account history.
π‘ Key takeaway
Hilton cards do not block each other across tiers. They only block repeat bonuses on the exact same card product.
JetBlue Family Rule
Family: Barclays JetBlue
π What it does
Barclays only allows you to hold one JetBlue personal card at a timeβJetBlue Card, JetBlue Plus, or JetBlue Premier. You must close or product-change your current JetBlue personal card before applying for a different one. The JetBlue Business card is separate and not affected by this restriction. Additionally, bonus eligibility resets after 24 months.
π‘ Why it exists
Barclays enforces a one-personal-card-per-family policy for JetBlue products. This prevents customers from holding multiple tiers simultaneously and encourages product changes rather than new applications. The 24-month bonus cooldown discourages frequent churning.
β How to satisfy it
If you want a different JetBlue personal card, close or product-change your current one first. For bonus eligibility, wait 24 months from when you last received a JetBlue bonus. The business card can be held alongside any personal JetBlue card.
π Example


Wyndham Family Rule
Family: Barclays Wyndham
π What it does
Barclays only allows you to hold one Wyndham personal card at a time. You must close or product-change your current Wyndham personal card before applying for a different one. The Wyndham Business card is separate and not affected by this restriction. Additionally, bonus eligibility resets after 24 months.
π‘ Why it exists
Barclays enforces a one-personal-card-per-family policy for Wyndham products. This prevents customers from holding multiple personal Wyndham tiers simultaneously. The 24-month bonus cooldown discourages frequent churning while still allowing repeat bonuses.
β How to satisfy it
If you want a different Wyndham personal card, close or product-change your current one first. For bonus eligibility, wait 24 months from when you last received a Wyndham bonus. The business card can be held alongside any personal Wyndham card.
π Example


Delta Family Rule
Family: Amex Delta
π What it does
The Delta family has three interacting rules: (1) Per-product lifetime bonus β each Delta tier (Gold, Platinum, Reserve) has its own one-time bonus. Getting the Gold bonus doesn't block the Platinum bonus. (2) Upgrade trap β if you upgrade (product change) to a higher Delta tier instead of applying as new, Amex considers you to have 'had' that card, permanently forfeiting its welcome bonus. (3) Ascending order β you must open Delta cards from lowest to highest tier (Gold β Platinum β Reserve). Opening a higher tier first blocks bonuses on all lower tiers in the same track (personal or business).
π‘ Why it exists
Amex applies lifetime bonus language per product for Delta cards, but also enforces a strict tier ordering. The ascending order rule discourages cherry-picking the top tier first. The upgrade trap prevents gaming via product changes β Amex wants new applications for each tier to unlock its bonus.
β How to satisfy it
Always apply for Delta cards in ascending order: Gold first, then Platinum, then Reserve. Never upgrade to a higher Delta tier β always apply as a new card to preserve the bonus. Each tier's bonus can only be earned once per lifetime. Personal and business tracks are independent, so you can get Gold personal and then Gold business without conflict.
π Example



β Correct order
You apply for Delta Gold in 2022 and earn its bonus. In 2024 you apply for Delta Platinum as a new application and earn that bonus too. Both bonuses are yours because you followed ascending order.
π« Upgrade trap
Instead of applying for Delta Platinum, you call Amex and upgrade your Gold to Platinum. Amex now considers you to have "had" the Platinum β you can never earn the Platinum welcome bonus.
π« Wrong order
You apply for Delta Reserve first and earn its bonus. You later want the Delta Gold bonus β denied. Opening Reserve (tier 3) first permanently blocks Gold (tier 1) and Platinum (tier 2) bonuses.
Membership Rewards Ascending Order
Family: Amex MR (Green / Gold / Platinum)
π What it does
Amex Membership Rewards cards (Green, Gold, Platinum) follow an ascending-order rule. Opening a higher-tier card first blocks bonuses on lower-tier cards. For example, if you open Platinum first, you lose eligibility for the Gold and Green bonuses. Additionally, upgrading (product-changing) to a higher tier permanently forfeits that card's welcome bonus.
π‘ Why it exists
Amex enforces tier ordering to encourage customers to work up through the product lineup rather than cherry-picking the top card. The upgrade trap prevents gaming via product changes β Amex wants new applications for each tier.
β How to satisfy it
Apply for MR cards in ascending order: Green first, then Gold, then Platinum. Never upgrade to a higher MR tier β always apply as a new card. Each tier's bonus can only be earned once per lifetime.
π Example



β Correct order
You apply for Green in 2023, then Gold in 2024, then Platinum in 2025 β all as new applications. You earn all three welcome bonuses.
π« Wrong order
You apply for Platinum first. You earn the Platinum bonus, but you are now permanently ineligible for Gold and Green bonuses.
Blue Cash Ascending Order
Family: Amex Blue Cash (Everyday / Preferred)
π What it does
Amex Blue Cash cards follow an ascending-order rule. Opening Blue Cash Preferred first blocks the Blue Cash Everyday bonus. Additionally, upgrading (product-changing) from Everyday to Preferred permanently forfeits the Preferred welcome bonus.
π‘ Why it exists
Amex applies the same tier-ordering restriction to its cashback lineup. Preferred is the higher tier, so opening it first blocks the Everyday bonus.
β How to satisfy it
If you want bonuses on both cards, apply for Blue Cash Everyday first, then Blue Cash Preferred. Never upgrade from Everyday to Preferred β apply as a new card to preserve the bonus.
π Example


β Correct order
You apply for Blue Cash Everyday first and earn its $150 bonus. Later you apply for Blue Cash Preferred as a new application and earn $200 more. Both bonuses are yours.
π« Wrong order
You apply for Blue Cash Preferred first. You earn the Preferred bonus, but you are now permanently ineligible for the Blue Cash Everyday bonus.
Marriott Amex Ascending Order
Family: Amex Marriott Bonvoy (Bevy / Brilliant)
π What it does
Amex Marriott Bonvoy consumer cards follow an ascending-order rule. Opening the Brilliant (higher tier) first blocks the Bevy bonus. This is separate from the Marriott cross-issuer rule β even if the cross-issuer cooldown is clear, the ascending-order restriction still applies. Business cards are not affected.
π‘ Why it exists
Amex applies tier-ordering restrictions to its Marriott Bonvoy lineup. Brilliant is the premium tier, so opening it first blocks the Bevy bonus. This prevents customers from cherry-picking the top card and then collecting lower-tier bonuses.
β How to satisfy it
If you want bonuses on both Amex Marriott consumer cards, apply for Bevy first, then Brilliant. The Marriott Business card is independent and can be applied for in any order.
π Example


β Correct order
You apply for Bonvoy Bevy first and earn its 85,000-point bonus. Later you apply for Bonvoy Brilliant as a new application and earn 100,000 more points. Both bonuses are yours.
π« Wrong order
You apply for Bonvoy Brilliant first. You earn the Brilliant bonus, but you are now permanently ineligible for the Bevy bonus.
United Family Rule
Family: Chase United
π What it does
Chase United cards have a 48-month per-product bonus cooldown. You cannot earn a bonus on the same United product if you received one within the last 48 months. Cross-product bonuses are allowed β getting a United Explorer bonus does NOT block a United Quest bonus.
π‘ Why it exists
Chase applies a 48-month same-product cooldown on United cards. Unlike Amex's lifetime language, this means you CAN earn a repeat bonus on the same card β just not within 48 months.
β How to satisfy it
Wait 48 months from when you last received a bonus on the same United card. You can freely apply for a different United product at any time (subject to 5/24). Track your bonus receipt dates, not application dates.
π Example


Southwest Family Rule
Family: Chase Southwest
π What it does
You can only earn ONE Southwest personal card bonus every 24 months. Getting any Southwest personal card bonus (Plus, Premier, or Priority) blocks ALL other Southwest personal bonuses for 24 months. Business cards (Performance Business, Premier Business) are exempt from this family-level restriction.
π‘ Why it exists
Chase enforces a family-wide 24-month cooldown on Southwest personal card bonuses. This is stricter than typical per-product cooldowns β it's a family-level restriction. This is partly to prevent easy Companion Pass churning.
β How to satisfy it
Wait 24 months from your last Southwest personal card bonus before applying for any other Southwest personal card. Business cards are not affected β you can get a Southwest Business bonus independently of your personal card bonus timeline.
π Example



Marriott Cross-Issuer Rule
Brand: Marriott (Chase + Amex)
π What it does
Marriott cards from Chase and Amex share bonus eligibility restrictions. You can't get a bonus on a new Marriott card if you've received one (from EITHER issuer) in the past 24 months. This is unusual because it crosses issuer boundaries.
π‘ Why it exists
Marriott enforces this rule across both Chase and Amex issuers to prevent bonus abuse across their co-branded card portfolio. It's a Marriott policy, not a bank policy.
β How to satisfy it
Wait 24 months from your last Marriott bonus, regardless of which bank issued the card. Track both Chase and Amex Marriott bonuses carefully before applying for any new Marriott card.
π Example



Bonus Rules
Generic Lifetime Bonus Rule
Applies to: Various cards
π What it does
A fallback check for cards with explicit lifetime bonus language that aren't covered by issuer-specific rules. If a card's terms state you can only receive the bonus once per lifetime, this rule flags it.
π‘ Why it exists
Many smaller issuers and co-branded cards include lifetime language without a specific time window. This generic rule catches those cases.
β How to satisfy it
Don't apply for cards you've previously held if they have lifetime language in the terms. Always read the offer terms for 'one bonus per lifetime' language.
π Example
Bonus Cooldown Rule
Applies to: Various cards
π What it does
Some cards require a waiting period (typically 24 months) between bonuses instead of a lifetime ban. This is different from lifetime languageβyou CAN get the bonus again, just not immediately.
π‘ Why it exists
Issuers want to prevent frequent churning while still allowing repeat customers. A cooldown period strikes a balance between bonus protection and customer acquisition.
β How to satisfy it
Wait the specified cooldown period from when you last received a bonus on that card or family. Track your bonus receipt dates, not just application dates.
π Example
Common Rules
Duplicate Ownership Rule
Applies to: Most cards
π What it does
Most banks don't allow you to hold multiple copies of the same exact card product at the same time. Some require you to close an account before reapplying for the same card.
π‘ Why it exists
Banks want to prevent duplicate accounts that complicate servicing and reduce their risk exposure to a single customer on identical products. It also prevents bonus gaming through multiple accounts.
β How to satisfy it
If you already have the card open, you typically can't apply again unless the card's policy explicitly allows it (very rare). Close the existing account first if you want to reapply.
π Example


Why We Need Your Data
To apply these rules accurately, we need you to provide your card opening dates, bonus history, and current holdings.
We store this data locally in your browser using localStorage. Nothing is sent to a server. Your data never leaves your device.
π Privacy first
- βAll data stays in your browser (localStorage)
- βNo server-side tracking or storage
- βNo third-party analytics on your eligibility data
- βYou can reset your profile anytime
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